The main theme of “Recent Advances in Ophthalmology-16” is Artificial Intelligence in Ophthalmology as envisaged by late Dr Hari Vallabh Nema. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology utilizes computational methods to mimic human behavior and thought process. Its application includes assisting a medical practitioner to understand the disease in a better way and take correct decisions. Moreover, it is a sophisticated and reliable diagnostic tool that can be used to detect an ophthalmic disease and monitor the treatment response.